Journal Title Al'Adalah: Journal of Islamic Studies ISSN 2684-8368 (online) | 1410-7406 (print) DOI Prefix 10.35719 by Crossref OAI Prefix http://aladalah.uinkhas.ac.id/index.php/aladalah/oai Publisher Centre for Research and Community Service (LP2M), Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember, Indonesia Frequency 2 issues per year (June and December) Citation Analysis Google Scholar | Garuda | Sinta | DOAJ | Dimensions | Moraref | Scilit | OpenAire | Index Copernicus | Cite Factor | MIAR | EBSCO Al’Adalah: Journal of Islamic Studies is a biannual, peer-reviewed academic journal devoted to interdisciplinary scholarship on the dynamic relationship between Islam, digital technology, and social transformation toward justice and sustainability. The journal examines how Islamic norms, ethical reasoning, and socio-religious practices both shape and are shaped by contemporary shifts in digital life, emerging technologies, governance innovations, and global ecological challenges.
PASSIONATE RELIGIOSITY AND THE NEW RELIGIOUS AWARENESS IN THE URBAN SOCIETY: A PSYCHO-SOCIAL STUDY
Today, the religious expression of the urban community looks passionate. This religious passion can be seen in worship manifested in caring for others, charity (infaq, sadaqah), and a shar'i lifestyle in the public sphere. However, on the other hand, this new enthusiasm for religion has created a new awareness of religion. This article investigates the phenomenon of passionate religion in Lumajang and Jember East Java using psycho-social studies with phenomenological interpretation analysis. The result is that the new religious passion is determined by religious knowledge, practice, and experience, which are constructed gradually over time. This awareness is then dynamically reflected and embodied in a pluralistic social life. This passionate religious expression has complex psycho-social factors in Muslim society due to different social interactions, individually and in groups. This phenomenon, firstly, is triggered by an understanding of religion that is more on the aspect of theology (spiritual aspects) than a hard-and-fast understanding of religion (the formal aspect of fiqh and sharia). Second, the people are disappointed with religious figures and institutions that only teach religious doctrines, not values and substance. Third, the social community and religious education do not encourage inclusive, reflective, and critical views on social issues.
Copyright (c) 2022 Hafidz Hafidz, Akhmad Munir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Does Artificial Intelligence Go beyond the Limits of Religious Authority? An Ethical Review on IslamGPT
The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have begun challenging the traditional boundaries of religious authority, historically upheld by scholars and clerics. This study examines IslamGPT, an AI platform designed to provide answers on Islamic teachings, and explores its ethical implications within the context of religious authority. While AI, like IslamGPT, offers convenience in accessing religious knowledge, it raises concerns about accuracy, credibility, and the potential erosion of established religious guidance. This article analyzes the ethical dimensions of utilizing AI for religious purposes, emphasizing the need for guidelines to navigate this emerging landscape. The study finds that reliance on AI for religious advice may blur the lines of legitimate authority, highlighting the necessity of direct verification with religious experts to maintain doctrinal integrity. The paper concludes that while AI can support religious education, its use in delivering authoritative religious decisions must be approached with caution, incorporating human oversight to preserve the sanctity of religious teachings.
Copyright (c) 2024 Mohammad Fattahun Niam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Rethinking Indonesian Muslim Youth's Religious Identity in Popular Islam: Hanan Attaki's Preaching on Social Media
Popular Islam constructed a new religious trend for millennial Muslim practice and identity on social media. This study discusses the Muslim religious identity circulated by Hanan Attaki as a millennial preacher in contemporary Islamic discourse in Indonesia. This article examines Attaki's preaching on his social media accounts using a digital ethnography study that focuses on Islamic populism toward the trend of new religious identity among millennial Muslims. The study shows that pop Islam in Attaki's preaching activities highlights contemporary elements regarding appearance, communication techniques, and religious topics of young millennial Muslims. These elements include visualization and self-image, as shown through his social media accounts such as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube. However, the success of this preaching involves a disruption of religious identity for his followers. In addition to the superficial and passing religious knowledge that they absorb at a glance, those who are accustomed to studying religion only through social media will have great potential to trap millennial Muslims in extreme, excessive, and fanatic religious sentiments in views, attitudes, and behaviors instead of a predetermined and prescribed religious identity.
Copyright (c) 2024 Abd Hannan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Cyber-Religion and the Issue of Religious Authority: How Indonesian Youth Learn Religion through Social Media?
In recent years, there has been a high increase in social media activity for religious purposes. The abundance of social media activity based on a religious theme excessively emerged, namely online preaching, virtual worship, and a new term called ngaji virtual. This paper uses the phenomenological research method to analyze religious phenomena in social media as a new form of cyberculture, grown excessively during and after the pandemic. Data for this study were collected from 150 respondents who were followers of online religious recitations or lectures on social media platforms, particularly on Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. This study aims to explain the motives of faith-based social media users, with an additional appraisal of their impact on their daily lives. The results showed numerous motives of faith-based social media users, namely the necessity of information about religion and spiritual enlightenment, and even emphasizing that their worship is valid. Social media as a source of information about religion became more widespread after the pandemic, making social media the primary source for obtaining religious knowledge and growing into a new culture. The emergence of this new cyberculture renders disruption in the religious field, from ethical problems to the problem of obscuring religious authority.
Copyright (c) 2024 Badrul Munir Chair, Wawaysadhya, Tri Utami Oktafiani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
DIMINISHING RELIGIOUS EXTREMIST UNDERSTANDING
Understanding qital verses in language and context is crucial in correcting radical views. In understanding a verse about war or killing, it is essential always to consider the historical context and use an adequate linguistical analysis to avoid mistakes in concluding the meaning of said passages. If these two aspects are applied during the interpretation of qital verses, radicalized views will be able to be reduced. One of the interpretation books qualified as such is Nawawi al-Bantani's Marah Labid. There is a uniqueness within this interpretation that is interesting to study. This research used the qualitative model to understand qital verses and the contextualization in Marah Labid's interpretation. The method used for this research was normative research. The primary source of this research was the Marah Labid, which is the interpretation of Nawawi regarding qital verses. Data collection and analysis were done by searching and studying Syaikh Nawawi's interpretation of qital, then contextualizing them with recent times using Fazlul Rahman's theory. The result of this research underlined a few points; firstly, in almost every qital verse, Nawawi's interpretation began with the word ibtida', which means 'is started (by).' With this interpretation, it is understood that the qital verses are not orders to wage war against unbelievers without the existence or threat of attacks. On the contrary, these verses placed war as a means to retaliate against the unbelievers who have attacked first or are known to have plans to attack (kill). Secondly, the order to wage war must be interpreted with the context behind its reveal in mind; said condition should then be compared and correlated with recent times.
Copyright (c) 2022 Muh Gufron Hidayatullah, Abu Bakar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
TOWARDS HUMAN MORAL AND RELIGIOUS IDEALS: IQBAL'S THOUGHTS ON SELF-AFFIRMATION IN CONTEMPORARY HUMAN RIGHTS DISCOURSE
Human Rights are considered God's gift given to humans from birth. However, discrimination, harassment, intimidation, repression, and other human rights violations still occur in social life. The article discusses the relevance of the contemporary Muslim thinker Muhammad Iqbal to progressive humanitarian ideas, especially in contemporary human rights discourses. This interdisciplinary research comprehensively analyzes Iqbal's thoughts within the framework that Islamic values and human rights principles do not contradict or reinforce one another. Iqbal is known as a humanist, religious and universal intellectual. In the religious context, Iqbal's thoughts refer to Islamic teachings, emphasizing the self-affirmation of human existence, that human nature as a divine being and a righteous believer should uphold human rights in social life.
Copyright (c) 2022 Mustofa Anshori Lidinillah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THE STORY OF SLAUGHTERING COWS IN SURAH AL-BAQARAH
The name of surah al-Baqarah is taken from the story of slaughtering cows, verses 67 to 73. Suppose someone only reads the translation of the Qur'an or reads the Ijmali interpretation, of course. In that case, he will not be able to understand the story coherently because the verse arrangement is reversed. Therefore, it takes the narratological theory of the Qur'an to sequence the story so that it can be understood easily by historical chronology. The study uses a literature review by collecting the commentators, summarized in a book of commentaries. The study results are the story of the slaughter of a cow, starting from verses 72 and continuing with verses 67 to 71. After that, verse 72 is skipped and goes straight to verse 73. So, the chronological sequence of history is 72, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, and 73. Based on it, al-Baqarah is a cow slaughtered by the Israelites to uncover the case of the murder of a nephew to his uncle. The nephew is the only heir. He could not wait for an inheritance, so he killed his wealthy uncle. He left the trail by placing the corpse in front of someone else's house at night. Then the case of finding the body went viral, and the Israelites accused each other of being confused about finding the culprit. After that, they asked Moses to solve the case; the order came down for the Israelites to slaughter a cow. Then, part of the cow was struck against the corpse, and he got up and said that the killer was his nephew.
Copyright (c) 2022 Nur Afiyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
DRIVING THE MINORITY AND MAJORITY INTERRELIGIOUS RELATIONS IN BALI
This study aims to determine the various factors that shape the harmonious relationship between Muslims and Hindus in Bali. The locus of this research is Jimbaran Village, South Kuta District, Badung Regency, Bali Province. This study uses a qualitative research methodology with a narrative descriptive analysis approach and is included in the type of literature study research. The results of this study indicate that the pattern of social relations between Muslims and Hindus in Bali is not only formed based on the understanding of their respective religious teachings, but it can also be shaped by customs in Balinese society and shaped by several factors that influence it. Five factors shape the harmonization of social relations between Muslims and Hindus in Bali, including the conflicts between Muslims and Hindus in Bali, the competition between Muslims and Hindus in Bali, and adjustments made by Muslims to Hindus in Bali, tolerance and cooperation among Muslims in Bali.
Copyright (c) 2022 Titin Nurhidayati, Muhammad Bahrul Ula https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
In a country where most of the population is Muslim, wearing a face veil is not new. However, the face veil for Muslimah students in Indonesia is still polemic because it seems old-fashioned, rigid, and underestimated by some people, so they are considered Islamic fanatics, radicalized Muslims, extremists, or terrorists. Several state Islamic universities govern how to dress on campus. This qualitative research aims to reveal the motivations and struggles of Muslimah students in wearing face veils at UIN Sunan Ampel and IAIN Jember (now: UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember) during 2019-2020. Therefore, the researcher also used interview and observation methods to obtain the data. The study results are the Muslimah students' motivation to wear the face veil because of the need for self-security from men and the need to be respected (need for self-esteem). The struggles carried out by the informants are different from the motivation and acceptance of the milieu. The higher the motivation to wear the face veil, the stronger they maintain it. Although they do not support the milieu, a strong motivation will defend their honor (muru'ah). In addition to motivation, the milieu is also significant. The more tolerated the milieu, the easier the struggle made by the informants.
Copyright (c) 2022 Za'imatil Ashfiya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THE URGENCY OF LEARNING THE ISLAMIC FAITH IN SHAPING STUDENTS' RELIGIOUS CHARACTER
Studying the Islamic faith (aqedah) in today's era is very important. The flow of globalization is full of freedom in our daily life and can bring us positive or negative effects without realizing it. The thing that is most feared is if the impact of globalization has a bad influence on us, especially on students who are still looking for their own identity. The weakness of faith can cause this negative influence as the foundation of one's faith. If a student's faith is weak, he will be easily influenced or provoked by the circumstances around him, easily swayed by what he previously believed. In this article, we will examine three interrelated questions. First, what is the meaning of the Islamic creed, and what is its position in our lives? Second, what is the meaning of religious character? Third, how is the urgency of learning creed in shaping the religious character of students? This article uses a library research approach to review the three points above. The result is that strengthening faith through learning the Islamic faith will be very much needed as an effort to prevent negative things from entering students. In addition, the Islamic faith can also be said to reflect their character.
Copyright (c) 2022 Sabrina Salsabilla Ali, Muhammad Imamul Muttaqin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
ANGELIKA NEUWIRTH'S GENEALOGY ON TARTIB NUZULI AS AN INTERPRETATION METHOD OF THE QUR'AN
Tartib nuzuli (understanding the Qur’an considering arrangement drop of exposure) is one of the strategies for translating the Qur’an that researchers seldom discuss). Among the researchers who focused on the idea was Angelika Neuwirth. Tartib nuzuli initiated by Neuwirth can add to the investigation of the Qur'an. The review utilized a subjective exploration of the ancestry hypothesis to show up at Neuwirth's reasoning. The results showed that Neuwirth emphasized the need for hermeneutic devices to bring the Post-canonized Qur'an to life based on its chronology. With a literary and historical approach, the Qur'an is analyzed in synchronic and synchronized through time frames (beginning with pre- canonization in the Meccan phase). Furthermore, the Qur'an is analyzed with units of letters and intertextuality. Neuwirth's marginalized opinion was his critique of the study of scholars who focused on post-codification texts rather than uncovering his pre-canonized side. Despite the attention to the aspect of canonization, some Western scholars still produce sensitive arguments, as well as Muslim scholars who do not necessarily make Tartib nuzuli a method of Qur'anic interpretation. Among the factors of Neuwirth's thought: Firstly, his early interest in the Qur'an, literature, and history. Secondly, he was affected by his educators, for example, Anthonie, to reinforce his advantage in investigating the Qur’an. Thirdly, they are affected by the considerations of prior figures who are also consensual in the idea of the Qur’an order. Among the ramifications of Neuwirth's reasoning: 1) present a variety of strategies for translation; 2) open a more open and logical exchange; 3) it is the center ground of concepts in the Qur’an; and 4) the Corpus Coranicum was shaped like an actual demonstration of his reasoning.
Copyright (c) 2022 Asyrifah Luthfiana Azmi, Nurun Nisaa Baihaqi, Aidah Mega Kumalasari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
PRODUCTIVE WAQF IN MAQASID SHARIA PERSPECTIVE
Giving has become a habit in our culture. Unfortunately, in our society's view, waqf tends to focus on land and buildings. The meaning of a waqf event can be interpreted more broadly; it can be managed to be more productive, for example. This study uses library research methods that show productive waqf from the perspective of maqasid sharia, including ijtihad maslahi, which must be based on the main objectives of religion. Second, ijtihad maslahi must be based on knowledge of maslahah al-shar'iah (maslahat in religion). Third, ijtihad maslahi must apply and consider the public benefit of understanding the text in both al-Qur'an and Hadith. Fourth, ijtihad maslahi must consider the point of view of profit and loss.
Copyright (c) 2022 Arif Zunaidi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
K-Pop Fans Reading Anti-K-Pop: Religion, Identity, and Subjectivity
The expansion of K-pop fandom among young Muslim women in Indonesia has unfolded alongside the rise of digital da’wa that frames K-pop as a moral risk. This study examines how anti-K-pop da’wa texts construct the figure of the ideal Muslimah and how fans negotiate that framing in everyday practice. Using a qualitative-interpretive approach, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of the book Pernah Tenggelam was combined with in-depth interviews with three Muslim women fans. The findings identify a configuration of nomination/predication/legitimation and intensification strategies that normalizes a binary opposition between the ideal Muslimah and the K-waver, which calls for identity repositioning. On the reception side, readers are not passive; they enact contextual moral reasoning through four tactics: content filtering, mapping private-public spaces, aesthetic reading (music/choreography rather than celebrity cult), and management of engagement intensity. These practices yield three dynamic subject positions: selective opposition, conditional co-existence, and hybridization, demonstrating the possibility of coexisting piety and popular pleasure. Conceptually, the study enriches scholarship on the encounter between popular culture and the politics of piety; methodologically, it demonstrates the integration of CDA with audience-reception data; and practically, it recommends dialogic-empathetic da’wa design and strengthened media literacy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Okta Nurul Hidayati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Addressing digital religious polarization: Policy analysis of religious moderation narratives on Indonesian government social media
This article examines how Indonesian state institutions construct and communicate narratives of religious moderation in a contested digital public sphere. Focusing on the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MoRA) and the National Counter-Terrorism Agency (BNPT), the study employs a descriptive qualitative design that integrates digital observation of official Instagram, X/Twitter, and YouTube accounts from January to December 2024, analysis of policy documents and institutional reports, and semi-structured interviews with policymakers and social-media administrators. Data are analysed through content and framing analysis, as well as interview-based thematic coding with triangulation. Findings indicate that state messaging is dominated by normative, declarative, and largely one-way communication, which is associated with weaker dialogic engagement and recurrent scepticism in comment spaces. By contrast, personal testimonies, lived-experience narratives, and non-patronising visual rhetoric receive more favourable reactions and lower resistance. Emotional appeal, contextual relevance, and a personal approach emerge as key determinants of constructive uptake, whereas limited responsiveness and broadcast-style posting amplify disengagement. The article links these reception patterns to post-truth dynamics and conceptualises monologic digital communication as a governance effect. It concludes that participatory public diplomacy, centred on co-creation with trusted intermediaries and institutionalised listening, provides an operational pathway to strengthen digital religious resilience.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ach Barocky Zaimina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Legitimacy of Aceh’s qanun jinayat in Indonesia’s legal system: Prospects for regional adoption
This article examines the constitutional validity of Aceh’s Qanun Jinayat within Indonesia’s plural legal order and assesses its feasibility as a reference point for criminal-law development beyond Aceh. Drawing on normative legal research informed by socio-legal insights, the study integrates constitutional analysis with Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) to critically engage universalist human-rights objections. The findings confirm that the Qanun Jinayat operates as a valid lex specialis rooted in Aceh’s special autonomy, yet its institutional replication elsewhere is constitutionally constrained. Rather than framing diffusion as normative imitation, the article identifies three constitutional pathways for broader adoption: asymmetric decentralisation, which offers strong authority but requires high political capital; national codification, which absorbs substantive Jinayat-related norms through national legislation; and the living-law mechanism under the 2023 Criminal Code (Law Number 1 of 2023), which provides a pragmatic yet bounded route for normative accommodation. Feasibility depends on selecting the appropriate pathway and embedding strict safeguards, particularly accountable enforcement and maqasid-oriented criminal policy. These findings reposition Aceh as a constitutional laboratory for managing legal pluralism in a modern nation-state.
Copyright (c) 2025 Zaky Anggara, Sopi Laeli Fitri Rahmawati, Sita Jahrotun Nisa, Deden Najmudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Islamic Religious Educators in Society 5.0: Challenges and Strategies for Digital Character Formation in Smart Classrooms
This article examines how Islamic religious education cultivates digital character within Society 5.0 smart classrooms. Using a library-based study with a descriptive-analytical approach, the review maps the literature onto internal factors (competence and pedagogical paradigm) and external curricular factors (infrastructure, content, and design), and then derives operational strategies. The findings indicate that the challenges are multidimensional. Internally, teachers face uneven information and communication technology competencies, a persistent teacher-centered paradigm, and cultural resistance. Externally, infrastructural disparities, curated digital Islamic religious education content scarcity, and curricula that rarely tether technology to Islamic values weaken classroom practice. This configuration heightens students’ exposure to disinformation, cyberbullying, and soft radicalization; risks dehumanization; and reduces Islamic education teachers to mere device operators. The study proposes reorienting teachers as moral navigators and humanizers of technology, alongside implementing project-based learning and blended–flipped learning methods that explicitly integrate Islamic values into digital practice, so that technology consistently serves the formative aims of Islamic education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Siti Halimah, Nur Fitriah, Naila Marissa, Alfi Nur Chasifah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Motivational pathways to primary Islamic teacher education: Toward an integrative model
Motivation plays a crucial role in shaping students’ academic decisions and professional commitment in Islamic primary teacher education. The increasing interest in the Islamic Primary School Teacher Education Study Programme (PGMI) indicates the programme’s social and academic appeal, yet the motivational foundations behind students’ choices require deeper investigation. Existing studies on major choice and teacher education have generally emphasised socio-economic considerations, employment prospects, professional interest, family support, and religious values, but have not sufficiently explained how these elements operate as an integrative motivational pathway. This study aims to examine the motivational pathways of PGMI students and to formulate an integrative model that connects internal motivation, external support, institutional reinforcement, and religious self-actualisation. Using a descriptive qualitative design, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 150 students (approximately 130 valid responses), semi-structured interviews with 11 informants, and institutional documentation. The findings show four interrelated patterns: internal motivation, family support, academic environment, and self-actualisation. These patterns indicate that students’ choice of PGMI is not merely an academic decision or employment strategy, but a pathway towards religiously grounded professional commitment. The study recommends strengthening academic governance, student mentoring, and values-based professional development in Islamic teacher education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Umi Lailatul Putri, Baharudin, Muhammad Muchsin Afriyadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Implementing Indonesia’s marriage-age reform: Child marriage dispensation and girls’ health rights
In Indonesia, marriage age reform has been implemented by raising the minimum age limit to 19 years as an effort to prevent child marriage. However, in practice, this reform faces dispensations that were initially designed as emergency exceptions but have instead become the primary mechanism of implementation, normalising exceptions and shifting the logic of protection to procedural compliance. This article analyses the transformation of these dispensations and their implications for girls' reproductive health rights at the grassroots level. Using a qualitative juridical-empirical approach with a case study in Nyawangan Village, Tulungagung, data were collected through interviews with KUA officers, health workers, and village officials, as well as observations and document reviews. Framed by the Effectiveness of Law theory, the article reveals that dispensations operate as the practical face of reform through routine administrative processes, driven by social, economic, and institutional pressures, with minimal substantive intervention. As a result, considerations of reproductive health and the psychosocial readiness of girls are often overlooked, creating a gap between procedural legality and substantive protection. This article recommends reinstating dispensations as high-threshold exceptions, subject to strict evidentiary standards, standardised health assessments, and cross-institutional coordination focused on delaying marriage. The implication is that marriage-age reform must be firmly embedded at the normative level and supported by governance that truly centres on the best interests of girls.
Copyright (c) 2026 Khofifah Indah Imas Syuroya, Nilna Husnayain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Online dispute resolution in Indonesian e-commerce: Arbitration law and shariah consumer protection
This study aims to analyse the position of online dispute resolution (ODR) in Indonesian e-commerce from the perspective of arbitration law and assess its normative adequacy in light of the principles of shariah consumer protection. The study employs normative legal research, drawing on statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Its legal materials consist of regulations on arbitration, electronic transactions, consumer protection, and digital commerce, complemented by scholarly literature on ODR, e-arbitration, and shariah consumer protection. The results indicate that ODR in Indonesian e-commerce has become an effective method for resolving numerous low-value consumer disputes. However, its legal and institutional status remains unsettled. The primary challenges pertain to the legitimacy of electronic consent, procedural equity in digital environments, the legal standing and enforceability of electronic results, and the indistinct demarcation between arbitration, complaint resolution, and platform-based redress. This article contributes by integrating arbitration law and shariah consumer protection into a single evaluative framework, thereby shifting the assessment of ODR from procedural efficiency toward substantive justice. It recommends developing a more explicit, coherent, and consumer-oriented ODR framework that strengthens transparency, informed consent, and the protection of consumers’ economic rights. This study enriches the discourse on digital dispute resolution by positioning ODR as both a legal and normative site of consumer justice.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nia Melawati Nia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Contextualising fasad for environmental stewardship: Islamic spirituality and the hierarchy of values in contemporary ecotheology
The global ecological crisis represents a fundamental ethical shift, yet Islamic ecotheology often remains at the level of normative affirmation without an operational framework. This study aims to reframe the Qur’anic concept of corruption (fasad) as ecological corruption and map its normative status within contemporary environmental stewardship. Employing Abdullah Saeed’s contextualist hermeneutics and the hierarchy of values framework, the research adopts a normative-analytical design to derive a measurable logic of responsibility. The study finds that by situating the prohibition of fasad as a universal protection value, environmental stewardship transcends optional virtue to become a mandatory legal-ethical parameter. This classification allows for a rigorous distinction between substantive ecological reform and destructive pseudo-reform often found in developmental rhetoric. Furthermore, the research integrates ecospirituality as an infrastructure of meaning to ensure the internal consistency of pro-environmental behaviour. By synthesising fasad protective boundary, the khalifah mandate, and hifdz al-bi’ah of maqasid al-shariah, this study offers a disciplined moral architecture for public policy. This study provides a methodological foundation for translating sacred texts into adaptive governance instruments that address intergenerational justice and systemic ecological integrity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Hariyati Lestari, M. Zia Al-Ayyubi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
From anthropocentric to ecocentric jurisprudence: A maqasid-based reconstruction of Islamic environmental ethics toward intergenerational equity
Contemporary ecological crises, including climate change, pollution, ecosystem degradation, water scarcity, and biodiversity loss, reveal that environmental damage is not merely a technical problem of resource management, but also an ethical, legal, and intergenerational concern. Existing studies on Islamic environmental ethics have developed through three main trajectories: moral-theological discussions of tawhid, khalifah, amanah, and mizan; eco-maqasid approaches that connect environmental protection with Islamic legal philosophy; and sustainability-oriented studies addressing biodiversity, bioethics, and future generations. However, these trajectories remain insufficiently integrated into a unified jurisprudential framework that links Islamic environmental ethics, maqasid al-shariah, and intergenerational equity. This article aims to reconstruct Islamic environmental ethics from anthropocentric-instrumental tendencies towards an ecocentric-oriented maqasid jurisprudence. Employing a normative-conceptual method through philosophical, maqasidi, and environmental ethical approaches, the article argues for a shift from human-centred maslahah to life-system-centred maslahah. The findings show that ecological integrity is not an additional object of sharia protection, but a structural prerequisite for the realisation of protection of religion, life, intellect, progeny, and property (al-dharuriyyat). The article concludes that ecocentric-oriented maqasid jurisprudence provides a normative framework for ecological justice, intergenerational responsibility, environmental fiqh, ecological fatwas, and maqasid-based public policy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Achmad Alfan Kurniawan, Istiqomah Fadlillah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Resolving an inherent controversy: How pesantren’s philosophical ideals confront the reality of bullying
This article examines how pesantren leaders and educators operationalise philosophical values embedded in the pesantren tradition to design a contextual anti-bullying program. Using a qualitative case study of Pesantren Nurul Yaqin (Indonesia), the study triangulates in-depth interviews with eight key participants (a pesantren leader, five educators, and two students), participatory observation, and document analysis. The research team analysed the data through iterative thematic coding. The findings suggest that bullying in pesantren is repeated peer aggression sustained by power imbalance. At the same time, a strong moral ecology regulates institutional life and helps contain severe incidents. At Pesantren Nurul Yaqin, four ideals, such as tawadhu’, ukhuwah Islamiyah, silaturahim, and ihsan, function as moral anchors that restrain domination, strengthen belonging, and activate prosocial defending. However, the study also identifies the limits of informal norms; leaders and peers may apply values unevenly, and those norms often fail when victims hesitate to disclose harm. This article proposes a values-based, Whole-School Approach-aligned protocol that formalises local wisdom into safeguards, including a confidential reporting mechanism, a peer-inclusive anti-bullying team, staged restorative responses, educator role-modelling, and parent or community engagement.
Copyright (c) 2025 Uswatun Hasanah, Khoirul Umam Addzaky https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Reframing minority protection in Islamic law: Equal citizenship, human dignity, and international human rights norms
Minority protection in Muslim-majority societies remains a critical issue because it intersects classical Islamic legal thought, constitutional citizenship, and international human rights norms. Existing scholarship has examined the protective function of ahl al-dhimmah, the ethical relevance of karamah insaniyyah and maqasid al-shariah, and the relationship between Islamic law and international human rights. However, these approaches remain fragmented and have not sufficiently integrated critiques of status-based protection with dignity, equal citizenship, and the implementation gap. This article aims to reconstruct minority protection in contemporary Islamic law through the framework of dignity-based equal citizenship. It employs normative-doctrinal legal research using conceptual, philosophical, and maqasidi approaches, supported by analysis of Islamic legal concepts, human rights norms, and contemporary scholarship. The study finds that classical protection of non-Muslims contained important ethical and historical resources, but its status-based structure is inadequate for the modern constitutional state. It further shows that karamah insaniyyah, maqasid al-shariah, adaptive ijtihad, and international human rights norms can be integrated into a more substantive model of protection. The article concludes that minority protection should be reframed not as conditional tolerance, but as equal citizenship grounded in dignity, justice, public welfare, and institutional responsibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohamed Ahmed Zakaria Shehata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
POSITIONING AHL AL-BAYT WITHOUT TENDENCIES: AL-SHAWKANI'S CONTRIBUTION TO DETERMINING THE HADITH IN ISLAMIC SHARIA
Shiites tend to prioritize Ahl al-Bayt's position in transmitting Hadith. It affects the determination of Hadith as a primary source in Islamic Sharia. The Zaydi Maddhab, the Shi'a branch, is very dominant in Yemen. However, al-Shawkani, educated by his father and his Zaydist teachers, has a different view from Zaydism in positioning Ahl al-Bayt. Al-Shawkani saw that the uncertain political conditions in Yemen and the rise of blind taqlid directed Muslims to go astray and heresy at that time. This study examines al-Shawkani's stance on Ahl al-Bayt's position in determining the basis of Sharia law through his relevant works. Therefore, this socio-historical investigation also reveals the contribution of al-Shawkani thought in Islamic studies. This research shows that although al-Shawkani was influenced by Zaydism, objectively, he did not prioritize Ahl al-Bayt and was not passionate about one particular madhhab—a stance often opposed by Yemen's Zaydist scholars. In his works, al-Shawkani indirectly agrees with the opinion of Sunni scholars in determining the narrators of the Hadith as the primary source for deciding Islamic Sharia law. Thus, the contribution of al-Shawkani, who positions Hadith narrators objectively and scientifically, both Ahl al-Bayt and non-Ahl al-Bayt, is set the same as the criteria most scholars of Hadith experts determined.
Copyright (c) 2023 Ahmad Azmi Ahsantu Dhonni, Muhid, Andris Nurita, Afif Maulana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
THE NEED FOR REVITALIZING ZAKAH REGULATION TOWARD PRODUCTIVE ZAKAH: YUSUF QARADAWI PERSPECTIVE IN FIQH AL-ZAKAH
Zakah management needs to be revitalized as the results achieved are far from the goals set. The efficient collection of zakah will contribute to people's welfare. This study analyzes Yusuf Qaradawi's productive zakah perspective in Fiqh al-Zakah to examine the regulation of management zakah in Indonesia. Adopting Qaradawi's thought, the government should develop the zakahs' rules, management, and implementation. The government also needs to re-regulate zakah from Muslim communities, such as zakah of professions, agriculture, plantations, gold, silver, and the like. Likewise, if the zakah provisions have been reached (nisab and haul), the government must take zakah out from savings or deposits owned by Muslim communities in banks.
Copyright (c) 2022 M. Zidny Nafi' Hasbi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
BEAUTIFYING MOSQUES, ENHANCING WORSHIP: THE FIQH PERSPECTIVE OF FOUR MADHHABS AND MUHAMMAD IQBAL'S AESTHETIC CONCEPT
Muslims recognize the significance of mosques as sites of worship and as centers for their religious and other activities. Various efforts are organized and designed to make mosques relevant to cultural changes and the needs of Muslims. Mosque buildings are often not identical in each region and nation, with different customs and cultures, and are sometimes even similar to other religions. In addition, the temptation of capitalism also raises questions about mosque designs that are overly grand and problematic for the socio-economic life of the community. This article aims to interrogate whether such a well-built mosque is permissible from the perspective of scholars of the four madhhabs of fiqh and the aesthetics of Muhammad Iqbal. Thus, this research uses descriptive-interpretive and textual methods to scrutinize fiqh views and analyze Iqbal's aesthetic perspective on the mosque building. The study revealed that the four madhhabs allow decorations on mosque buildings so that the mosque remains the principal place of worship and does not inconvenience the solemnity of the congregation's prayers. Furthermore, the mosque's decoration, ornamentation, design, and construction must provide meaningful objectives with practical usefulness and philosophical value; otherwise, for Iqbal, decorating a mosque in excess is wasteful and unavailing, and embellishing a mosque means squandering time and money.
Copyright (c) 2023 Mohamad Zakky Ubaid Ermawan, Ahmad Khudori Soleh, Mohammad Fadil Akbar Islamy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Navigating the Challenges of Technological Advancement: Iqbal’s Philosophical Insights on Moderation and Humanity in the Digital Age
This study delves into the philosophical insights of Muhammad Iqbal regarding the interaction between humanity, moderation, and technology in the digital age. Iqbal’s concept of khudi (selfhood) and his ethical framework provide a valuable lens for exploring contemporary challenges related to digital identity formation, the ethical implications of artificial intelligence, and technology integration into modern society. Using a qualitative research approach, this study employs textual analysis of Iqbal’s original writings and contemporary interpretations to address how his philosophy can inform ethical digital practices. Through thematic analysis and philosophical hermeneutics, the research reveals three primary insights: the transformative nature of technology on self-awareness, the ethical dilemmas arising from technological advancements, and the necessity of balancing technology with human values such as moderation and equality. The findings underscore the relevance of Iqbal’s thoughts in guiding individuals and societies toward responsible and ethical digital interactions. Ultimately, this research contributes to the growing discourse on digital ethics by offering a comprehensive framework grounded in Iqbal’s enduring philosophical principles. Future research prospects are proposed to integrate Iqbal’s teachings into practical applications for promoting digital moderation, equity, and ethical responsibility.
Copyright (c) 2024 Hero Gefthi Firnando https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
Studi Komparatif 4P (Penghimpunan, Pendistribusian, Pendayagunaan dan Pelaporan) Zakat di Baznas Jember dan Banyuwangi
BAZNAS (National Amil Zakat Agency) is the official body and the only one formed by the government based on Presidential Decree No. 8 of 2001 which has the duties and functions of collecting and distributing zakat, infaq, and alms (ZIS) at the national level. This study aims to explore the application of 4P (Distribution, Collection, Utilization, and Reporting) in zakat management in BAZNAS Jember and Banyuwangi Regencies. Comparative Study of Zakat management performance measurement in terms of Fayol's management principles theory. The sample selection method is judgment sampling while the data analysis method used is descriptive qualitative analysis and comparison. The results of the study show that each BAZNAS in the Jember and Banyuwangi districts has carried out zakat management activities with 4P elements (Distribution, Collection, Utilization, and Reporting). The Amil Zakat Agency in Banyuwangi is better at implementing the four elements of zakat management including adequate internal controls and controls that will be held within a certain time.
Copyright (c) 2019 Roni Subhan, Imam Turmudi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
FOR GOLD AND THE BLESSING OF GOD: THE RATIONAL CHOICE FOR USING THE RABU WEKASAN AMULET IN THE EAST JAVANESE MUSLIM COMMUNITY
Several scholars have different opinions regarding the law of the Rabu Wekasan amulet that lives in the Javanese Muslim community. However, despite these differences, the East Javanese Muslim community still carries out and uses amulets to carry out these rituals. This research aims to determine amulet users' perspectives on life, mindset, and worldviews, especially in the Sempen, Sumbertengah, Mumbulsari, and Jember communities. Researchers use a rational choice theory where a person's actions are primarily determined by values or choices using data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation. The research results reveal three typologies of amulet users' mindsets: 1) Tabarrukan, using the Rabu Wekasan Amulet as a wasilah (intermediary) to ask for protection from Allah; 2) Economic aspect, using Rabu Wekasan amulets to protect their economic level from losses; and 3) Social aspect: using Rabu Wekasan amulets to maintain peace and public health.
Copyright (c) 2023 Devi Suci Windariyah, Maskud https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
REINVESTIGATING THE GUIDANCE FOR JIHAD AGAINST COLONIALISM IN MALAY LANDS: A PHILOLOGICAL STUDY ON SHEIKH ABDUS SAMAD AL-PALIMBANI'S NASHIHAH AL-MUSLIMIN WA TADHKIRAH AL-MUKMININ
The wars of the colonial era in the Malay region, especially in Sumatra, could not be separated from the influence of the jihad campaign of Sheikh Abdus Samad al-Palimbani, a charismatic cleric at that time. This research examines al-Palimbani’s Nashihah al-Muslimin wa Tadhkirah al-Mukminin, which contains the call for jihad. Because this manuscript is hundreds of years old and this condition makes it difficult to read, this research uses philological studies using a single script and standard script methods. It means that the manuscript being examined is the only one, and there are no copies. Research shows that the text is a European manuscript type even though it uses Arabic and the cover is identical to the typical style of the Arabian Peninsula. Apart from that, this manuscript also provides information about jihad by containing quotations from verses from the Qur’an and hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad. However, jihad here is understood to be limited to struggle on the physical war. Therefore, the manuscript encloses several dhikrs and prayers during the war. Furthermore, this manuscript was motivated by the colonial occupation of Malay land.
Nashihah al-Muslimin wa Tadhkirah al-Mukminin
Copyright (c) 2023 Mia Fitriah El Karimah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0